Cocaine hydrochloride is a white, fine, bitter-sweet powder. It is derived from coca plant. It can be inhaledby the nose, IV administration is also possible. It's very addictive. If cocaine is heated with hydrochloric acid + ammonia or cooking soda (sodium bicarbonate) + water = Crack is obtained. This creates more smoke and condensate effects. Crack – “Stone” has been given a name due to the sounds that appeared during burning. Crack is a very strong form, which is used by smoking or smoking with water pipe. Cocaine can be administered in powdered form, smoked in cigarette - hookah and tobacco and IV injectible. It can be used with heroin, cannabis, alcohol, tobacco. Depending on the method of retrieval it passes through the nose, the mucous membrane, into the lungs, bloodstream and into the brain.
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN COCAINE IS USED?
Cocaine causes an increase in dopamine neurotransmitter by inhibition of reabsorption. serotonin Increases to compensate for the increase in dopamine. Heroin itself increases the level of dopamine and disrupts the chemical balance. Dopamine is responsible for eating, sleeping, having sex, enjoying life. At the beginning, dopamine increase results pleasure increase, and as the drug use is prolonged, the pump, which transports dopamine back to the neuron, is blocked and dopamine deficiency arises in the neurons, and consequently disconnection between the nerve cells (neurons) occurs. Now the patient does not enjoy anything, absolutely wants to use cocaine to increase dopamine. Increasing dose of drug does help dopamine to overcome insufficiency and death comes.
Clumsiness occurs for 30 to 120 minutes when cocaine is used, in this case;
-Energetic and increase in sense of alertness,
- Mentally and physically feeling very good and strong,
- Increase in self confidence,
and sometimes;
- Paranoia,
- Anxiety, nervousness,
- Restlessness is evident.
Physically;
- Exciting and enthusiastic speech,
- Being very active and energetic,
- Grown pupils.
There is an effect of sexual dysfunction, aphrodisiac effect and orgasm delay. Repeated use can lead to impotence. Late and can cause difficult drainage. At higher doses, agitation, impaired judgment, aggressive behavior, dangerous sexual behavior, increased psychomotor activity can be seen. Tachycardia, hypertension and pupillar dilatation are physical signs. Seizures are common associated with cocaine intake. Respiratory depression, cerebrovascular disease (stroke), neurological disorders, seizures, myocardial infarction and death may occur.
PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS AND ADDICTION;
It occurs when the drug blocks dopamine reabsorption.
The person who is stimulated with cocaine feels good. Repeated use increases the level of tolerance and develops dependency.
COCAINE ABSTINENCE FINDINGS;
Few of the symptoms of deprivation are physical, mostly psychological.
-Physical symptoms, pain, trembling, chills,
- Psychological symptoms, depression and anxiety, lack of enjoyment of life, concentration difficulty, desire to use cocaine, anxiety, restlessness, agitation, fatigue, excessive sleep, hallucinations, delusions, feeling of bug walking under the skin.
TREATMENT OF COCAINE DEPENDENCE
There is no known method of drug treatment that has a specific antagonist effect. The impaired neurotransmitter balance is corrected İn the brain.
Ideal treatment;
* Patient should be gradually removed from the matter without feeling of withdrawal
* It is the treatment that cleans the body receptors at the substance and informative level.
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